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Table 5 Cause of maternal death by site, all clusters

From: Maternal mortality in six low and lower-middle income countries from 2010 to 2018: risk factors and trends

Characteristic

Overall

DRC

Guatemala

Belagavi

Nagpur

Kenya

Pakistan

Zambia

Maternal deathsa, n

842

98

79

149

89

78

283

66

Maternal cause of death data availableb, n (%)

436 (51.8)

97 (99.0)

46 (58.2)

50 (33.6)

43 (48.3)

35 (44.9)

139 (49.1)

26 (39.4)

Maternal cause of death, n (%)

436

97

46

50

43

35

139

26

 Trauma

22 (5.0)

4 (4.1)

2 (4.3)

4 (8.0)

2 (4.7)

5 (14.3)

3 (2.2)

2 (7.7)

 Abortion related

21 (4.8)

6 (6.2)

1 (2.2)

1 (2.0)

2 (4.7)

6 (17.1)

4 (2.9)

1 (3.8)

 Preeclampsia/ Eclampsia

69 (15.8)

10 (10.3)

16 (34.8)

8 (16.0)

5 (11.6)

10 (28.6)

15 (10.8)

5 (19.2)

 Hemorrhage

144 (33.0)

41 (42.3)

14 (30.4)

16 (32.0)

13 (30.2)

8 (22.9)

44 (31.7)

8 (30.8)

 Infection

136 (31.2)

18 (18.6)

13 (28.3)

20 (40.0)

13 (30.2)

2 (5.7)

63 (45.3)

7 (26.9)

 Medical condition coincident to pregnancy

23 (5.3)

9 (9.3)

0 (0.0)

1 (2.0)

4 (9.3)

1 (2.9)

6 (4.3)

2 (7.7)

 Unknown

21 (4.8)

9 (9.3)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

4 (9.3)

3 (8.6)

4 (2.9)

1 (3.8)

  1. a Maternal Newborn Health Registry (MNHR) 2010–2018 deliveries, excluding women lost to follow up prior to delivery or missing maternal status at 42 days
  2. b Maternal cause of death data collected from late 2013 to 2018. Cause of death determined by a standardized, heirarchical algorithm [16] in which one cause of death is identified, therefore, categories are mutually exclusive