Table 2 Categories and subcategories

Gender-based violence

Sexism

Sexual violence

Physical violence

Psychological violence

Psychological problems

Pregnancy and postpartum depression

Fear and worries

Women’s lack of empowerment

Empowerment for sexual and reproductive self-care

Desire for independence

Barriers to equity in sexual and reproductive health

Healthcare providers’ negative attitudes

Cultural barriers

Lack of access to healthcare services

Shortage of skilled personnel in healthcare centers

Lack of facilities and equipment in healthcare centers

Support-seeking

Spousal and family support

Healthcare providers’ support

Governmental and charitable organizations’ support

Sexual issues

Sex education and counseling

Women’s sexual satisfaction

Training STD prevention methods

Pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum care needs

Pre-pregnancy counseling

Attention to nutrition and health during pregnancy

Proper care and referral during pregnancy

Maintaining maternal dignity during childbirth

Access to and training in family planning methods after childbirth