Diagnosed with a fear of childbirth | No diagnosis of fear of a childbirth | p value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 11,108 | n = 306,111 | ||||
Age (mean, standard deviation, 1–99% percentiles) | 30.0, ± 5.9, 18–43 | 28.5, ± 5.2, 18–41 | |||
n | % | n | % | ||
Artificial reproductive technologies | 892 | 8.0 | 17,408 | 5.7 | < 0.001 |
Psychiatric disorder before or during first pregnancya | 3065 | 27.6 | 31,316 | 10.2 | < 0.001 |
Psychiatric disorder five years following first deliverya | 550 | 5.0 | 9781 | 3.2 | < 0.001 |
Medium level of education | 4507 | 40.6 | 128,046 | 41.8 | 0.008 |
High level of education | 4747 | 42.7 | 134,133 | 43.8 | 0.024 |
Married or cohabiting | 9207 | 81.3 | 26,465 | 86.1 | < 0.001 |
Migrant origin | 973 | 8.8 | 29,621 | 9.7 | 0.001 |
Premature birth before gestational age 37 weeks + 0 | 643 | 5.8 | 18,251 | 6.0 | 0.448 |
Birthweight < 2500 g | 301 | 2.7 | 12,204 | 4.0 | < 0.001 |
Congenital anomalies diagnosed at birth | 773 | 7.0 | 17,980 | 5.9 | < 0.001 |
Spontaneous vaginal deliveryc | 4179 | 37.6 | 197,541 | 64.5 | < 0.001 |
Assisted vaginal deliveryc | 1331 | 12.0 | 49,681 | 16.2 | < 0.001 |
Planned caesarean sectionc | 3509 | 31.6 | 13,488 | 4.4 | < 0.001 |
Emergency caesarean sectionc | 2089 | 18.8 | 45,390 | 14.8 | < 0.001 |
Spinal, epidural, or combined anaesthesiab | 4787 | 86.9 | 189,109 | 76.5 | < 0.001 |
Other analgesiab | 4813 | 87.4 | 207,084 | 83.8 | < 0.001 |
Manual placenta removalb | 143 | 2.6 | 5179 | 2.5 | 0.001 |
Third -or fourth degree perineal tearb | 116 | 2.1 | 4950 | 2.3 | < 0.001 |
Uterine curettage | 51 | 0.5 | 2373 | 0.8 | < 0.001 |
Blood transfusion | 411 | 3.7 | 9882 | 3.2 | 0.006 |
Infant treated in neonatal intensive care unit | 1342 | 12.1 | 40,078 | 13.1 | 0.002 |
Apgar score at 5 min < 7 | 311 | 2.8 | 8686 | 2.8 | 0.814 |
Umbilical artery pH < 7.05 | 101 | 0.9 | 4795 | 1.6 | < 0.001 |