Table 2 Study characteristics
Author(s) | Year | Study setting | Study design/source of data | Maternal and Child Health variables | Economic growth and recession variable | Risk of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Akhmat et. al.[30] | 1975–2011 | Major world regions including Sub-Saharan Africa | Time series / IISP (2013) and World Bank (2010a) | Infant mortality | GDP per capita | Strong |
Akinlo & Sulola [31] | 2000–2008 | Sub-Saharan Africa | Time series | Under-five mortality rates Infant mortality | GDP per capita | Strong |
Biadgilign et. al.[32] | 2000–2010 | Ethiopia | Pooled cross-sectional data / DHS and World Bank data | Childhood (0–59 months) undernutrition (wasting, stunting) | Real per capita income | Strong |
Cardona et. al. [33] | 1990–2020 | Sub-Saharan Africa | Time series, WDI Database and the UN World Populations Prospects | Under-5 mortality | Economic downturn (GDP per capita) | Strong |
Chireshe & Ocran [34] | 1995–2014 | Sub-Saharan Africa | Longitudinal / WDI (2017) | Child health / under 5 mortality | GDP per capita | Strong |
Cornia et. al. [35] | 1995–2007 | Sub-Saharan Africa | Time series data | Under-5 mortality | Economic recession | Strong |
Corsi & Subramanian [36] | 1990–2009 | Sub-Saharan Africa | Repeated cross-sectional data / DHS | Under five mortality | Per capita gross domestic product (pcGDP) | Strong |
Harttgen et. al. [37] | 1991–2009 | Sub-Saharan Africa | Cross sectional data / DHS | Child (under 5) undernutrition (Stunting, underweight, and wasting) | GDP per capita | Strong |
Jemiluyi [38] | 1970–2018 | Nigeria | Time series data analysis / WDI database (2019) | Infant, neonatal and under-5 mortality | Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate | Strong |
Kofi Boachie et. al. [39] | 1980–2014 | Ghana | Time series / WDI database, World Bank and Government of Ghana publications | Infant mortality rate (IMR), under-five mortality rate (UMR) | Real per capita income (RGDPC) (US$ 2005) | Strong |
Mogford [40] | 1970–1997 | Sub-Saharan Africa | Longitudinal analysis | Under 5 mortality | Per Capita Gross National Product | Strong |
Namahoro & Mugabushaka [41] | 2009—2018 | Rwanda | Time series / Central Hospital of the University of Kigali and WHO Data | Maternal mortality | Gross National Income (GNI) | Strong |
Nyamuranga & Shin [42] | 2000–2013 | Sub-Saharan Africa, SADC region, developing countries | Balanced longitudinal data | Child mortality / Infant and under-five | real GDP per capita | Strong |
Ogujiuba & Omoju [43] | 2000–2010 | Nigeria | Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook (2011) | Infant mortality | Economic Growth measured by GDP growth rate | Strong |
Okoye et. al. [44] | 2013 | Nigeria | Pediatric Personnel, Infrastructure, Procedures, Equipment and Supplies (PediPIPES) survey | Pediatric surgical capacity / Children | GDP per capita | Strong |
Salahuddin et. al. [45] | 1985–2016 | South Africa | Annual time series data | Infant and Child Under 5 mortality | GDP per capita | Strong |
Sede & Izilien [46] | 1980–2011 | Nigeria | Time series data | Maternal mortality rate | GDP growth rate | Strong |
Yaya et al. [47] | 1987–2016 | Sub-Saharan Africa | Cross- sectional data / DHS | Childhood stunting (stunting and chronic childhood malnutrition) | GDP per capita and GDP growth per capita | Strong |