Table 5 Descriptive analysis of socio-demographic characteristics

Gender

19.790^a

<0.001

 Male

3543 (51.04%)

50.07 ± 34.33

 Female

3398 (48.96%)

34.63 ± 30.64

Age group

58.704^b

<0.001

 15 ~ 19

2356 (33.94%)

36.69 ± 32.11

 20 ~ 24

2046 (29.48%)

39.14 ± 33.10

 25 ~ 29

1453 (20.93%)

50.50 ± 33.05

 30 ~ 34

665 (9.58%)

53.85 ± 33.31

 35 ~ 39

224 (3.23%)

53.85 ± 33.52

 40 ~ 49

197 (2.84%)

37.16 ± 33.35

Education level

11.814^b

<0.001

 Middle school and below

250 (3.60%)

48.22 ± 34.36

 Senior high school and technical secondary school

1828 (26.34%)

39.63 ± 33.27

 College degree and above

4863 (70.06%)

43.30 ± 33.43

Occupational status

119.189^b

<0.001

 Employed

1990 (28.67%)

51.99 ± 33.00

 Student

4402 (63.42%)

38.27 ± 32.65

 Unemployment

549 (7.91%)

42.21 ± 34.74

Household register

0.370^a

0.712

 Agricultural

2624 (37.80%)

42.71 ± 33.39

 Non-agricultural

4317 (62.20%)

42.40 ± 33.53

Living region

1.079^b

0.340

 Eastern region

2542 (36.62%)

42.19 ± 33.34

 Central region

1687 (24.30%)

41.85 ± 33.98

 Western region

2712 (39.07%)

43.23 ± 33.28

Place of residence

−3.742^a

<0.001

 Rural

1760 (25.36%)

39.97 ± 32.90

 Urban

5181 (74.64%)

43.38 ± 33.63

Marital status

117.716^b

<0.001

 Unmarried

6143 (88.50%)

40.41 ± 32.85

 Married

754 (10.86%)

59.88 ± 33.29

 Divorced or widowed

44 (0.63%)

38.70 ± 36.09

Per capita monthly income of the household

−5.291^a

<0.001

 ≤4000

2956 (42.59%)

40.05 ± 33.42

 >4000

3985 (57.41%)

44.34 ± 33.40

Whether you have pets at home

−2.216^a

0.027

 Yes

1592 (22.94%)

40.88 ± 33.55

 No

5349 (77.06%)

43.00 ± 33.44

Number of siblings

2.453^b

0.061

 0

3150 (45.38%)

42.62 ± 33.62

 1

2378 (34.26%)

42.03 ± 32.99

 2

856 (12.33%)

44.91 ± 33.44

 ≥3

557 (8.02%)

40.30 ± 34.58

Number of properties owned

10.095^b

<0.001

 0

1088 (15.67%)

38.05 ± 33.27

 1

3545 (51.07%)

44.15 ± 33.19

 2

1573 (22.66%)

41.44 ± 33.55

 ≥3

735 (10.59%)

43.52 ± 34.31

Self-efficacy

−11.306^a

<0.001

 Low self-efficacy

3596 (51.81%)

38.17 ± 32.39

 High self-efficacy

3345 (48.19%)

47.19 ± 33.99

Family health

26.756^b

<0.001

 Poor family health

2294 (33.05%)

38.36 ± 33.04

 Moderate family health

3831 (55.19%)

44.41 ± 33.15

 Excellent family health

816 (11.76%)

45.26 ± 35.10

Family communication

0.153^c

<0.001

 Intimate partner violence

−0.056^c

<0.001

 Perceived social support

0.136^c

<0.001

 Media exposure

0.038^c

0.002