Table 1 Study Characteristics of the Included Studies
First Author and Study Year | Study location | Study design | Groups | No. of Participants (n) | Age Years | Kind of Music | Stage of labor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phumdoung (2003) [11] | Thailand | Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial | Intervention = Music Control = Conventional therapy | n = 55 n = 55 | 20—30 | Five types of sedative music | Labor (active phase) |
Simavli (2014) [12] | Turkey | Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial | Intervention = Music Control = Conventional therapy | n = 77 n = 79 | 25.06 ± 4.33 25.09 ± 4.53 | Classical, Turkish artistic music, Turkish folklore, Turkish classical and popular music | Labor (latent phase and active phase) and postpartum |
Kimber (2008) [13] | United Kingdom | Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial (Pilot) | Intervention = massage program with relaxation techniques Placebo = music with relaxation techniques Control = Conventional Therapy | n = 30 n = 30 n = 30 | 30 28.8 30 | Not specified (Women and their birth partner chose their favorite music | Labor (active phase) |
Surucu (2017) [14] | Turkey | Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial | Intervention = music in Acemasiran mode Control = Conventional Therapy | n = 25 n = 25 | 22.08 ± 2.32 21.04 ± 3.06 | classical music, light music, pop music, traditional Chinese music, crystal child music | Labor (active phase) |
Dehcheshmeh (2015) [22] | Iran | Prospective Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial | Intervention (Group A) = Music Intervention (Group B) = Hoku Point Ice Massage Control = Conventional Therapy | n = 30 n = 30 n = 30 | 22.90 ± 2.82 22.30 ± 2.70 21.43 ± 2.58 | Sounds of the sea | Labor (active phase) |
Simavli (2014) [23] | Turkey | Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial | Intervention = music (self-selected) Control = Conventional Therapy | n = 71 n = 70 | 24.17 ± 3.22 23.39 ± 3.88 | classical music, light music, popular music, Turkish art music, Turkish folk music, and Turkish sufi music | Postpartum |
Liu (2010) [24] | (Southern) Taiwan | Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial | Intervention = music (self-selected) Control = Conventional Therapy | n = 30 n = 30 | 26.6 27.60 | Five types of relaxing music: classical, light, popular, crystal children’s, and Chinese religious music | Labor (latent phase and active phase) |
Taghinejad (2010) [25] | Iran | Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial | Intervention (Group A) = Massage Intervention (Group B) = Music | n = 51 n = 50 | 21.3 ± 2.9 21.5 ± 3.1 | Soft traditional music (one of five optional types) | Labor (active phase) |
Buglione (2020) [26] | Italy | Single-Center Open-Label Parallel Group Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial | Intervention = music (self-selected) Control = Conventional Therapy | n = 15 n = 15 | 28.7 ± 3.3 31.1 ± 6.6 | Not specified | Labor (latent phase and active phase) and postpartum |